Search results for " Memory Disorders"

IMPAIRED ALLOCENTRIC SPATIAL MEMORY UNDERLYNG TOPOGRAPHICAL DISORIENTATION

2006

The cognitive processes supporting spatial navigation are considered in the context of a patient (CF) with possible very early Alzheimer's disease who presents with topographical disorientation. Her verbal memory and her recognition memory for unknown buildings, landmarks and outdoor scenes was intact, although she showed an impairment in face processing. By contrast, her navigational ability, quantitatively assessed within a small virtual reality (VR) town, was significantly impaired. Interestingly, she showed a selective impairment in a VR object-location memory test whenever her viewpoint was shifted between presentation and test, but not when tested from the same viewpoint. We suggest t…

The Doors and People Test: The Effect of Frontal Lobe Lesions on Recall and Recognition Memory Performance

2016

Objective: Memory deficits in patients with frontal lobe lesions are most apparent on free recall tasks that require the selection, initiation, and implementation of retrieval strategies. The effect of frontal lesions on recognition memory performance is less clear with some studies reporting recognition memory impairments but others not. The majority of these studies do not directly compare recall and recognition within the same group of frontal patients, assessing only recall or recognition memory performance. Other studies that do compare recall and recognition in the same frontal group do not consider recall or recognition tests that are comparable for difficulty. Recognition memory imp…

Kotona asuvan muistisairaan henkilön ja hänen läheistensä teknologiaan liittyvät tarpeet ja toiveet

2018

Tutkimuksessa selvitettiin millaisia tarpeita ja toiveita kotona asuvilla muistisairailla ja heidän läheisillään on kotona asumista tukevaan teknologiaan liittyen. Tutkimukseen osallistui 25 kotona asuvaa muistisairasta henkilöä ja 25 heidän läheistään. Metodina käytettiin etnografista tutkimusotetta. Aineistonkeruumenetelminäolivat avoin haastattelua ja havainnointi. Analyysimenetelmänä käytettiin sisällön analyysiä. Tarpeet ja toiveet voitiin luokitella kolmeen pääluokkaan, jotka olivat itsemääräämisoikeuden säilyminen, sosiaalisten suhteiden säilyminen ja liikkumisen oikeus ja turvallisuus. Haasteita olivat yksinäisyyden kokemus, muistin ja toimintakyvyn heikkenemiseen liittyvät ongelmat…

Loss of spatial learning in a patient with topographical disorientation in new environments

2003

The case is described of a patient who, following cerebral hypoxia, developed severe difficulty in orienting himself in new environments in the context of a mild global amnesic syndrome. Some episodes he related suggested that his main difficulty was remembering the spatial/directional value of landmarks he recognised. A neuroradiological examination documented severe bilateral atrophy of the hippocampi associated with atrophic changes in the cerebral hemispheres, most marked in the dorsal regions. Neuropsychological and experimental evaluation showed a severe deficit of spatial learning with substantially preserved ability to learn verbal and visual-object information. He was also virtuall…

Intestinal ischemia/reperfusion promotes brain damage via microglia activation: can we do something now?

2012

Impaired reproduction of second but not millisecond time intervals in Parkinson's disease

2008

The basal ganglia have been associated with temporal processing in ranges of milliseconds and seconds. However, results from PD patient studies are elusive. Time perception in these patients has been tested with different approaches including repetitive movement tasks (i.e. finger tapping) and cognitive tasks (i.e. time reproduction), and both abnormal and normal performances have been reported for different time intervals. Furthermore, when PD patients were required to learn two target durations in the same session when they were off medication, they overestimated the short duration and underestimated the long duration in the seconds range. This pattern of temporal accuracy was described a…

Remembering what but not where: independence of spatial and visual working memory in the human brain

2001

We report the neuropsychological and MRI investigation of a patient (MV) who developed a selective impairment of visual-spatial working memory (WM) with preservation not only of verbal, but also of visual shape WM, following an ischemic lesion in the cerebral territory supplied by one of the terminal branches of the right anterior cerebral artery. MV was defective in visual-spatial WM whether the experimental procedure involved arm movement for target pointing or not. Also, in agreement with the role generally assigned to visual-spatial WM in visual imagery. MV was extremely slow in the mental rotation of visually and verbally presented objects. In striking contrast with the WM deficit, MV'…

Memory for time intervals is impaired in left hemi-Parkinson patients.

2004

The basal ganglia have been proposed as one of the neural correlates of timekeeping functions. Both encoding and memory retrieval components for time perception are impaired in Parkinson's disease (PD). The aim of our study was to investigate in hemi-Parkinsonian patients the existence of a specific alteration in memory for time depending on the affected side, to better understand the contribution of the left or right basal ganglia circuits in different components of time perception. Right and left hemi-PD patients performed a time reproduction task in which they were required to reproduce in the same session short (5 s) and long (15 s) time intervals, in off- and on-therapy condition. Whil…